The present study aims to analyze the socio-economic impacts of this demographic change, especially Armenian deportation, on the sanjak of Kayseri. In this respect, it starts with an assumption that the characteristics of the local forces had a decisive role in the development of the process in the localities. The basic questions that this study addresses are: How were the population policies of the Ottoman government, especially Armenian deportation, implemented in Kayseri? To what extent the local dynamics and factors, like the social and economic features of the city, and the character of the governors, shaped the execution of these policies? Finally what were the implications of this demographic transformation on the social and economic life of the inhabitants of Kayseri? As an important contribution of this study, it details how the liquidation of the Armenian abandoned properties actually happened in Kayseri by evaluating the telegrams sent from there. The analysis of the telegrams to explore the impacts of the Armenian deportations on the transformation of Kayseri sanjak shows that local actors, such as the district governor, the abandoned properties commission, and the local notables, were influential in the deportation process and also in the liquidation of the abandoned properties. As a result of the capital transfer, there was a significant transformation in the socio-economic realm. With the establishment of two joint-stock companies in the sanjak, the Armenian assets and capital were officially allocated to the Muslim entrepreneurs. In other words, the Armenian deportation paved the way for the rise of a new bourgeoisie and thus a new upper class in the district.
Künye
Kitabın Adı: |
A City Transformed: Great War, Deportation and Socio-Economic Change in Kayseri (1915-1920) |
Yazan: |
Oya Gözel-Durmaz |
Dizi Adı: |
History: 270 |
Baskı Adedi: |
100 |
Yayın Yılı: |
2019 |
Sayfa: |
344 |
Ebat: |
13,5 x 21 cm. |
Kağıt: |
Enzo 70 gr. |
Kapak: |
Çağlar Yalçın |
Cilt/Kapak: |
250 gr. Mat, Amerikan Bristol, 4 renk |
ISBN/Barkod: |
978-605-2380-91-8 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2
THE ECONOMY OF KAYSERI UNTIL 1915
Kayseri as a Commercial Center
Armenians in the Economy of Kayseri
Economic Life of the Armenian Villages
The Armenian Merchants
CHAPTER 3
THE ROAD TO THE ARMENIAN DEPORTATIONS
The Armenian Constitution of 1860
The Internationalization of the Armenian Question
The Settlement of the Muhacirs
The Armenian Political Organizations
The Hamidiye Cavalry Regiments
The Land Issue
The 1894-1896 Armenian Massacres
The Second Constitutional Regime and the Land Issue
The Balkan Wars (1912-1913)
The Deportation Decision of the Ottoman Government
CHAPTER 4
THE DEPORTATION OF THE KAYSERI ARMENIANS
The Implementation of the Deportation Order in Kayseri
The Conversion to Islam: An Area of Struggle Among Different Actors
The Demography of the Armenians at the End of the Deportations
The Number of the Kayseri Armenians after the Deportations
The Memoirs of a Convert
The Armenian Girls and Children at the American Mission
A Comparison of the Numbers
Conclusion
CHAPTER 5
THE ISSUE OF ABANDONED PROPERTIES IN KAYSERI (1915-1918)
The Legal Arrangements
The Implementation
The Distribution of the Abandoned Properties
The Military
The State Institutions
The Settlement of the Immigrants, Refugees and Prisoners of War
The Properties of the Remaining Armenians
The Abandoned Properties as a Diplomatic Issue
The Procedural Disputes over the Emval-i Metruke
The Claims of the Malpractices and "Corruption"
Conclusion
CHAPTER 6
THE ECONOMY AS A CONTESTED TERRITORY: THE TRANSFORMATION OF KAYSERI'S ECONOMIC LIFE AFTER THE DEPORTATIONS (1915-1920)
The "National Economy" Policy
First Attempts to Nationalize/Turkify the Economy
Post-Deportation Transformation of the Economy
Abandoned Properties in the Service of the "National Bourgeoisie"
The Establishment of the Joint-Stock Companies
The Establishment of the Joint Stock Companies in Kayseri
The Kayseri Milli İktisat Anonim Şirketi
The Establishment of the Joint-Stock Companies in Other Districts
The Implications of the National Economy Policy
The Collapse of the Artisanal Production and the Shortage of Labor
Conclusion
CHAPTER 7
THE RETURN OF THE ARMENIANS (1918-1920)
The Delivery of the Armenian Women and Children
The Flight of the Armenian Population
The Restitution of the Abandoned Properties
The Abandoned Properties of the Deceased Deportees
The Problems in the Restitution of the Properties
The Muslim Refugees and Immigrants
The Impact of Insecurity
The Decree of 8 January 1920
The Demography of Kayseri in the 1920s
CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION
APPENDICES
REFERENCES
INDEX
